Lead and Other Heavy Metals Found in Dark Chocolate

Dark chocolate is a popular treat amongst candy lovers - especially those looking to feel a little less guilty about snacking. Not to mention reap the heart health benefits from the antioxidants in dark chocolate.

In fact, a survery done by the National Confectioners Association reported over half the people categorized dark chocolate as a candy that's "better for you".

While you might think you're making the right choice by grabbing the dark chocolate bar instead of the milk chocolate, you might still be at risk of hurting your health.

A recent report by Consumer Reports revealed concerning levels of lead and cadmium in many popular dark chocolate bars.

Cadmium and Lead in Dark Chocolate

Consumer Reports conducted a study analyzing 48 dark chocolate products, including bars, chips, and cocoa powder, from major brands, such as Dove and Ghirardelli.

The results were alarming to say the least.

Lead, a neurotoxin known to damage the nervous system and impair cognitive development, was found in all of the tested samples. Cadmium, another heavy metal linked to kidney damage and certain cancers, was present in 35% of the products.

The levels of these heavy metals varied considerably between brands and products. Some bars contained lead exceeding California's maximum allowable dose limit (MADL) for lead in candy.

This raises particular concern for children who are more susceptible to the harmful effects of lead exposure.

Tracing Heavy Metals in Cocoa

The presence of lead and cadmium in dark chocolate can be traced back to the cocoa bean itself. Cocoa plants can absorb these heavy metals from contaminated soil, particularly in regions with a history of industrial activity or lead-based agricultural practices.

Processing methods can also contribute to the problem. Dust generated during the grinding process can become airborne and contaminate the final product.

Some manufacturers might use low-quality cocoa beans or processing methods that inadvertently increase heavy metal content.

The Health Risks

Lead exposure, even at low levels, can have significant health consequences.

In children, it can hinder brain development, leading to learning disabilities and behavioral problems. Adults can also experience neurological effects like memory loss, depression, and high blood pressure.

Cadmium, on the other hand, accumulates in the kidneys over time, potentially leading to kidney damage and even failure in severe cases. Chronic exposure to cadmium has also been linked to an increased risk of certain cancers.

Benefits of Dark Chocolate

Although dark chocolate may contain certain amounts of lead and other metals, it also can provide health benefits that you may not get from other candies.

Beyond its rich flavor, dark chocolate has garnered attention for its potential health benefits. The key to these advantages lies in the cocoa content.

Dark chocolate, particularly varieties with a high cocoa percentage of 70% or more, is rich in flavanols, powerful antioxidants that have been linked to several health perks.  

Research suggests that dark chocolate may contribute to heart health by improving blood flow, reducing blood pressure, and lowering "bad" LDL cholesterol levels. The flavanols in cocoa are believed to enhance the function of the endothelium, the lining of blood vessels, leading to better cardiovascular health.

A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming cocoa-rich products can improve blood flow and reduce platelet aggregation, a process involved in blood clot formation.  

Additionally, dark chocolate has been associated with improved brain function. Flavanols may enhance cognitive abilities, including memory and attention. A study published in the journal Neurology found that individuals with higher flavanol intake had better cognitive function compared to those with lower intake.  

Dark chocolate may also offer mood-boosting properties. Some studies suggest that it can reduce stress hormones and increase levels of endorphins, the body's natural mood elevators.

While more research is needed to confirm these effects, many people report feeling a sense of well-being after enjoying a piece of dark chocolate.  

It's important to note that while dark chocolate offers potential health benefits, it should be eaten in moderation. It's high in calories and fat, and excessive intake can lead to weight gain. Opting for dark chocolate with a high cocoa content and minimal added sugars is key to maximizing its potential health advantages.  

What Can You Do?

Although the presence of heavy metals is concerning, consumers don't have to completely eliminate dark chocolate from their diet.

Here are a few tips for enjoying this treat with a bit more awareness:

• Look for brands that prioritize independent testing and include information about the sourcing and processing of their cocoa beans.

• Enjoy dark chocolate in moderation, especially for children.

• Opt for a variety of brands and types of dark chocolate to avoid overexposure to potential contaminants in any single product.

• If you're particularly concerned about heavy metals, consider exploring other sources of antioxidants like fruits and berries.