Common Cold Medicines Linked to Dementia
Key Takeways
A recent study suggests a possible connection between anticholinergic drugs and an increased risk of dementia in older adults.
Researchers consider this study to be particularly robust, strengthening existing research.
More research may be needed to determine if the drugs directly cause dementia.
Consult with your doctor about any concerns regarding medications and carefully review the ingredients listed on over-the-counter drugs, especially for older adults.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine raises a red flag about the potential link between commonly used over-the-counter medications and dementia.
The study was conducted by researchers at the University of Washington and Group Health, a non-profit healthcare organization, and followed over 3,400 adults aged 65 and above for more than seven years.
According to the Alzheimer's Society, the dementia life expectancy over 80 or 90 is much less, whereas others may live between 15-20 years longer.
Focus on Anticholinergic Drugs
The key focus of the study was on anticholinergic drugs, which help to relieve a range of condtions such as relieving cramps, overactive bladder, gastrointenstinal disorders, COPD, and even symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
These medications, found in many over-the-counter antihistamines and bladder control medications, work by affecting the nervous system. The research suggests a correlation between higher intake of anticholinergic drugs and a greater likelihood of developing dementia among participants.
While the link between anticholinergics and dementia has been explored in previous studies, researchers consider this to be a particularly well-designed investigation.
Dr. James Leverenz, a neurologist and Director of the Cleveland Clinic's Brain Health Center, acknowledges the study's significance but emphasizes the need for further research.
Dr. Leverenz highlights a crucial distinction that the study establishes an association, not necessarily a cause-and-effect relationship. In simpler terms, the research suggests a connection between anticholinergic drugs and dementia, but it doesn't definitively prove this theory.
Examples of Anticholinergics Linked to Dementia
While many anticholinergics do have to be prescribed to a patient, there are some that are over-the-counter. Some of which you could have in your medicine cabinet right now.
Here are some common cold and allergy medicine linked to dementia:
Benadryl
Tylenol PM
Advil PM
Unisom Sleep Gels
In contrast, here is a list of just some prescribed medications linked to dementia:
Atropen
Cogentin
Enablex
Toviaz
Levsinex
Pro-banthine
Detrol
More Research Needed
Dr. Leverenz emphasizes the need for additional studies to truly prove this link and explore potential mechanisms. He also points out that some antihistamine formulations have a less pronounced effect on the brain's cholinergic system, which plays a vital role in memory and cognitive function.
The study has also not examined this potential association in younger age groups.
The study's findings urge individuals, particularly older adults, to exercise caution with over-the-counter medications, especially those containing anticholinergic properties.
Dr. Leverenz advises consulting with a primary care physician regarding any concerns and suggests carefully reviewing the ingredients listed on over-the-counter medications.