The Science of Catnip: Why Your Cat Goes Wild

Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is a herb that has captivated cats and intrigued their human companions for centuries. This unassuming plant, a member of the mint family, can send our feline friends into states of euphoria, playfulness, or deep relaxation. 

Together, let's consider the side effects of catnip on cats, figure out why it has such a profound effect on them, and then address some common concerns about its use.

Why Do Cats Go Crazy Over Catnip?

The secret to catnip's mesmerizing effects lies in a compound called nepetalactone. This volatile oil is found in the stems and leaves of the plant and is the primary agent responsible for the characteristic reactions observed in cats. 

When cats encounter nepetalactone, it binds to the receptors in their nasal tissue, stimulating sensory neurons that can lead to behavioral responses. Interestingly, not all cats are susceptible to catnip's charms; sensitivity to nepetalactone is hereditary, with roughly 60% of cats displaying a reaction. ​

Does Catnip Get Cats “High”?

In a way, yes. When cats inhale nepetalactone, it triggers a response in their brain's olfactory system that can resemble a "high." Common behaviors include rolling, rubbing, purring, leaping, and general playfulness. 

Some cats may become more relaxed, while others exhibit hyperactive or even aggressive behaviors. These effects typically last between 5 to 15 minutes, after which cats become temporarily immune to catnip's effects for about 1 to 2 hours.

Do Cats Eat Catnip?

Yes, many cats not only sniff and roll in catnip but also chew on it. Ingesting catnip can lead to different effects compared to smelling it. While sniffing catnip often results in stimulation, eating it tends to have a sedative effect, making cats more mellow and relaxed. It's important to monitor your cat's intake because consuming large quantities can lead to gastrointestinal upset.

Is Catnip Bad for Cats?

For the majority of cats, catnip is safe and non-addictive. However, moderation is key. Overindulgence can lead to vomiting or diarrhea, so it's best to limit your cat's exposure and observe their reactions. 

If you notice any adverse effects, reduce or eliminate their access to catnip. Also, kittens under six months and some older cats may not respond to catnip at all.

How Long Does Catnip Last?

The effects of catnip vary from cat to cat, but generally last between 5 to 15 minutes. Afterwards, cats typically lose interest and won't respond to catnip again until after a refractory period of about 1 to 2 hours. This temporary desensitization helps prevent overstimulation.

Exploring Alternatives

Not all cats are affected by catnip due to genetic factors. For those felines, alternatives like silver vine (Actinidia polygama), valerian root (Valeriana officinalis), and Tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica) may elicit similar euphoric responses. These plants contain different compounds that can appeal to cats who are indifferent to catnip.

The Complex Behaviors of Our Feline Friends

The side effects of catnip on cats offer a fascinating glimpse into the complex behaviors and preferences of our feline friends. Driven by the chemical nepetalactone, it can provide a little bit of stimulation for cats. But, as with any treat or stimulant, it's important that we use catnip responsibly, so our cats’ experiences are both safe and enjoyable.

Here at Your Life Buzz, we love our furry friends – of the feline and canine variety. Keep coming back for more ideas on how to treat them to their best life yet, with or without the added benefit of catnip.